This research demonstrates the existence of inequitable outcomes in provision of piped water services by both private and other service providers in rural Vietnam. This study is the first of its kind in Vietnam, providing robust scientific evidence on who accesses water services from private enterprises. Qualitative research in 60 communes was followed by a quantitative study in six locations. A policy and regulatory review was also conducted, in addition to an assessment of enterprise motivators, enablers and challenges. The study highlights the need for effective regulatory mechanisms to ensure inclusive water service delivery in rural Vietnam.
Introduction
Small and medium sized private enterprises have increasingly been providing piped water services in rural Vietnam, supported by incentives from the Government of Vietnam and international donors. While research shows that enterprises are performing an important role in increasing access to safe water, challenges remain: rural areas lag behind urban, and efforts are needed to improve access for the poorest (World Bank, 2011). This research fills a critical gap, as there is no existing evidence base to understand whether or not poor people are being reached by small and medium water enterprises, and what this means for government policy and the role of civil society organisations and donors.
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